Science & Technology

The World Health Organization (WHO) on Tuesday raised doubts about Russia's vaccine. Russia is going to start production of Corona virus vaccine from October.

The World Health Organization stated that a number of guidelines have been developed for vaccine production. World Health Organization spokesman Christian Lindmire was asked during a UN press briefing that if a license is issued to produce a vaccine without its Phase III trial, would the organization consider it dangerous?

Russia's Health Minister said on Saturday that his country is preparing to start a large-scale vaccine campaign against Covid-19 from October.

Russian Health Minister Mikhail Murashko told reporters that no vaccine fee would be charged and that it would be given to doctors and teachers first.

The Russian Health Minister said that along with the production, the clinical trial of the vaccine will continue and efforts will be made to improve it.

World Health Organization spokesman Christian Lindmire said, "Whenever such news comes or such steps are taken, we have to be careful." The facts of such reports should be examined with caution.''

Christian Lindmire said, "Sometimes it happens that some researchers claim that they have made a discovery that is actually very good news. But there is a huge difference between finding something or getting an indication that the vaccine is effective and going through all stages of a clinical trial. We have never seen anything like this officially. If something officially happens, our office colleagues in Europe would have paid attention to it.

A spokesman for the World Health Organization said, "There have been a number of rules for making a safe vaccine and there are guidelines regarding this. It is important to follow them so that we know what effect the vaccine or any treatment has and which can help in the fight against the disease.''

He said, "By following the guidelines, we also get to know whether any treatment or vaccine has side effects or whether it is causing more harm than benefits."

The World Health Organization has listed 25 vaccines undergoing clinical trials on its website, while 139 vaccines are currently in the pre-clinical stage.

The head of the World Health Organization (WHO), Dr. Tedros Adenom Gabrieus, said it is expected that the Covid-19 vaccine is available, but it is not yet a good medicine and may not ever be.

Tedros has said many times before that the corona may never end and have to live with it. Earlier, Tedros had said that the corona is completely different from other viruses because it keeps on changing itself. The WHO chief said that changing the weather would not affect the corona as the corona is not seasonal.

Dr. Tedros said that people around the world are taking social distancing, handwashing, and wearing masks as a rule to avoid corona infection and this needs to continue.

So far, over one crore, 81 lakh people have been infected worldwide. The death toll has also reached six lakh, 89 thousand.

Dr. Tedros said, "Many vaccines are in Phase III trials and we all hope that one vaccine will be effective in protecting people from infection." However, it is not a surefire medicine right now and it is likely that it may never be found. In such a situation, let us continue the work of stopping the corona through tests, isolation and masks.''

Dr. Tedros also said that mothers who are suspected corona or have been confirmed to be infected with corona should not stop breastfeeding.

Doctor Tedros had also said earlier in June, "We know that there is a lower risk of Covid-19 in children than older ones, but there are many other diseases that can put children at greater risk and breast feeding." Such diseases can be prevented. Based on current evidence, the organization suggests that the benefits of breastfeeding outweigh the risks of virus infection.''

He had said, "Mothers who are suspected of being corona infected or who have been confirmed to be infected should be encouraged to feed the baby." If the health of the mother is not really bad, then the newborn should not be taken away from the mother.

Russian Health Minister Mikhail Murashko has said that the government is planning to give the corona vaccine to citizens in the month of October and is preparing to carry out a detailed vaccination campaign.

According to Russian media, Mikhail Murashko said that doctors and teachers would be given the corona vaccine first.

News agency Reuters quoted unnamed sources as saying that Russia's potential Corona vaccine would get regulatory approval this month.

However, many experts also raise concerns about Russia's attempt to make the Corona vaccine faster.

On Friday, America's infectious disease specialist, Doctor Anthony Fauchi, said that he hopes that Russia and China are really "doing all the tests" before giving the Corona vaccine to the people.

Dr. Fauchi said that by the end of this year, America will have a "safe and effective" Corona vaccine.

He said, "I do not believe that in the case of the corona vaccine, we have to depend on another country for the modern vaccine."

Vaccine making work is going on in many countries

Currently, the process of making the corona virus vaccine is going on in many countries across the world and clinical trials of around 20 vaccines have started.

According to the Interfax News Agency, the Russian Health Minister says that the Gamalaya Institute in Moscow has completed the clinical trial of the corona vaccine and is now busy with paperwork to register it.

According to the Health Minister, "We are planning a vaccination campaign in October".

Russian scientists said last month that the Gamalaya Institute had completed an initial trial of an adrenovirus-based corona vaccine and the results were positive.

Last month, security agencies in the UK, USA and Canada accused a Russian hacking group of stealing further information from cyber attacks on entities involved in the Corona vaccine.

The British National Liber Security Center said it was 95 per cent convinced that a group called APT29, which is associated with the Russian intelligence agency, was responsible for the cyber attack. According to the center, the group is also known as Dukes or Cozy Beer.

However Russia was outright rejected by these allegations. Russian Ambassador to Britain, Andre Kelin, said that "there is no reality in these claims".

Here in the UK, a company called AstraZenica is working on the Corona vaccine made by Oxford Unity. Trials conducted so far have shown positive results and have shown that the vaccine is capable of initiating immune response.

The Inclusive Vaccine Alliance of European countries, including the United States and Britain, has entered into an earlier agreement with AstraZenica to get the vaccine.

It is likely that the corona virus that infects humans has been present in bats' bodies for decades, but has not been detected.

A recent research has shown that the corona virus, responsible for Kovid-19 disease, was found in bats 40 and 70 years before the known virus. Scientists believe that this virus may have reached humans now.

They have said that along with this, the concept theory running on the origin of this virus has also come under suspicion that the virus was prepared in the lab or started spreading from there.

Professor David Robertson of the University of Glasgow, who worked on a research published in the journal Nature Microbiology, says the Sars-CoV2 virus responsible for the pandemic is genetically close to the virus found in bats, but both have decades of time. Is the difference.

"It means that the virus that infects humans was present for some time," he says. But we still do not know when and how it came to humans? If we believe that this is a common virus found in bats, then in this case we need a more sharp look, we have to monitor it further. ''

Professor David says that in order to not spread further epidemics in future, we will not only have to monitor the infection in humans but also have to sample wild bats. They say that if these viruses were present for decades, they must have found other animals to spread their legs, that is, to infect.

For this research, the researchers matched the genetic code of the Kovid-19 disease-causing Sars-CoV2 virus to RaTG13 found in similar bats.

Researchers found that their two ancestors are the same, but in the process of evolution, the two had separated from each other decades ago.

Professor Mark Pejal of the University of Reading is not part of this research. He says the point of this research is that the corona virus that infects humans was already present in bats 40 to 70 years ago but could not be detected.

He says, "This research shows how large the scope of infection from animals to humans is." It is possible that many viruses causing disease in humans are present in the body of the animal but we do not know about them.

These viruses may have spread from one animal to another, and they have infected people associated with the business of wild animals.

Earlier research showed that pangolin may have a major role in the origin of Sars-CoV2, but according to recent research it is not.

It may be that Pangolin also got the virus from contact with other animals during the occupation of wild animals.

American biotech company Moderna has said that the results obtained during the experiment on one of their corona virus vaccines.

Moderna said that the vaccine protects against lung and nasal infections and prevents lung disease.

On Monday, the company also started a test on humans, with 30,000 volunteers attending.

The company has been funded by the US government under a special program of one billion dollars.

Under this program named Operation Warp Speed, many efforts are being made to make the vaccine for corona virus.

The United States and Britain have accused Russia of testing a weapon-like projectile in space. The US State Department termed it as 'in orbit anti satellite weapon'.

Earlier, Russia's Ministry of Defense had said that Russia is using new technology to test equipment in space. Now Russia has accused the US and Britain of distorting the truth and said that it is not a weapon.

The United States has previously raised questions about Russia's satellite movements in space. However this is the first time Britain has made such allegations.

Christopher Ford, US Assistant Secretary of International Security and Non-Proliferation, said, "Such action is a threat to the peaceful use of space and increases the possibility of generating trash in the space, which is important for satellite and space systems." , On which the world depends, is in great danger. ''

General J. J., head of the US Space Command Raymond said that there is evidence that Russia has tested anti-satellite weapon in space.

He added, "This is another proof of Russia's constant efforts to develop and test space-based systems." And this is in line with Russia's public military doctrine of the use of weapons to put the US and its allies in space at risk. ''

Air Marshal Harvey Smith, head of Britain's Space Directorate, issued a statement saying, "This type of action poses a threat to the peaceful use of space and also poses the risk of debris accumulating in space that is the satellite and the entire space." Can damage the system on which the whole world depends. ''

Only four countries in the world - Russia, USA, China and India - have demonstrated anti-satellite missile technology capability so far.

India demonstrated its capability last year by hitting one of its satellites.

Last year, India killed the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite 300 kilometers away in space. This was a pre-determined goal and was achieved within three minutes.

It was named 'Shakti Mission' and was operated by DRDO. Scientists say that this achievement has given India immunity. If someone destroys the satellite of India, India is also capable of doing so.

India had targeted the satellite at comparatively lower altitudes. This height was 300 kilometers while in 2007 China destroyed one of its satellites at an altitude of more than 800 kilometers. The 300 km altitude is below the International Space Station (ISS).

However, the NASA chief said that 24 pieces of destroyed Indian satellite waste have gone over the ISS.

Jim Brydenstein said, "This has created dangerous waste and it has even gone above the ISS." Such activity will prove unfavorable for future astronauts. ''

Pallava Bagla, a science expert, says, "Countries are becoming dependent on the satellite, the economy of countries has started connecting to the satellite somewhere. If one country wants to do harm to another country, then it can do this work by damaging the satellite, it has been discussed for a long time.

Bagla further explains, "When there are so many satellites and the economy starts to depend on them, what is your approach?" Either you create something that no one can destroy your satellite, or tell the other that if you attack our satellite, then we can also attack your satellite. ''

On the current steps taken by Russia, Bagla says, "America is moving forward, they have a full space command, in addition to the Air Force, Army and Navy, they are also preparing for an army in space." It is natural that Russia will also do something. ''

Bagla believes that this is a competition between countries which has been happening before and will continue.

None of the countries that have the capability to drop the satellite have yet attacked the enemy's satellite. They have been used so far to demonstrate just vigor.

But experts believe that it should not be understood that they will not be used in the future.

According to scientist Gauhar Raza, any technology that can be used will be useful in both peace and war.

According to him, "the role of space is going to be important. Just like his role in the First and Second World Wars after the plane was built. ''

Raza further states, "The role of space in the wars that will take place now will be large only because with the help of it, the other country can be crippled."

Russia has said that the satellite test it did in space was not a weapon.

Russia's defense ministry dismissed the accusations of the US and Britain, accusing them of manipulating the facts.

The Russian Defense Ministry issued a statement saying, "The tests conducted on July 15 have not posed any threat to any other spacecraft. And it has not violated any international law.''

Russia said that it is using new technology to monitor and test Russia's space equipment.

Earlier Britain and America had said that they are worried about these activities of Russia.

Britain and the US had alleged that Russia launched something like a weapon from a satellite in space.

The head of Britain's space directorate issued a statement saying, "We are concerned about the way Russia has tested one of its satellites by launching something like a weapon."

The statement said that such action is a threat to the peaceful use of space.

The US had earlier expressed concern about Russia's satellite.

Air Marshal Harvey Smith, head of Britain's Space Directorate, issued a statement saying, "This type of action poses a threat to the peaceful use of space and it also poses the risk of debris accumulating in space that is the satellite and the entire space Can damage the system on which the whole world depends.''

He said, "We urge Russia to abstain from such tests further." We also urge Russia to continue to work constructively with Britain and other allies to promote responsible attitude in space.''

According to BBC Defense Correspondent Jonathan Bell, Britain has first accused Russia of carrying out satellite tests in space, and this happened just a few days after the Intelligence and Security Committee in Britain said in a report that Britain The government had failed miserably to address the threat from Russia.

Fear of space war?

After this incident, a new type of arms race in space can give rise to concern and many other countries are also investigating the technology which can be used as a weapon in space.

The US has said that it is the same satellite system of Russia about which it had expressed concern in the year 2018 and also questioned this year when the US accused Russia of having a satellite close to the US satellite. having had.

Regarding this latest development, the head of the US Space Command, General J. Raymond, said that there is evidence that Russia has tested an anti-satellite weapon in space.

General Raymond said that Russia has launched a new thing in Orbit via satellite.

He said, "This is another proof of Russia's constant efforts to develop and test space-based systems. And this is in line with Russia's public military doctrine of the use of weapons to put the US and its allies in space at risk.''

Bangladesh has approved the third phase trial of China's Synovac Biotech vaccine on its citizens. Bangladesh is the country with the highest mass density in South Asia and corona infection is increasing rapidly here.

Synovac was searching for people from outside China to be tried on them. The third phase trial of Synovac in Bangladesh has also been confirmed by a member of a committee on Kovid 19. The International Center for Disease Research Bangladesh has said that its trial will start from next month.

Bangladesh Medical Research Council director Mahmood Jahan told the news agency Reuters, "We have given China in principle permission after reviewing the research protocol. 4,200 people will apply to join the trial and half of them will be vaccinated. The trial will be done in seven Kovid 19 hospitals in Dhaka.

There are currently 204,525 cases of corona in Bangladesh and close to three thousand people have died.

Synovac is also going to trial the third phase in Brazil this week.

Oxford University has been successful in developing the corona virus vaccine.

The vaccine that Oxford University has prepared has proved to be safe on humans and has indicated an improved immune system.

This vaccine was used on 1,077 people. Experiments on these people have revealed that injections of the vaccine have produced antibodies in the body of these people who contend with the corona virus.

This experiment is being seen with considerable expectations but trials are still underway on other protective measures and larger groups.

However, the British government has ordered 100 million doses of this vaccine.

Is the mutation in the virus making it more dangerous? The corona virus which has caused havoc all over the world at this time, but it is not the koranavirus that first emerged from China.

Officially known as Sars-CoV-2, the virus, which is infecting people around the world, is mutating.

Being mutated means a change in the genetic material of the virus. Scientists have seen thousands of mutations in this virus. However, there is only one mutation that indicates a change in behavior of this virus.

So can this mutation make the virus more dangerous and fatal? Does the success of the vaccine with which we are expecting also threaten it?

Scientists have observed a mutation called D614G which is present in the 'spike' of the virus and with which the virus enters our cells.

After spreading in the Chinese city of Wuhan, it is estimated that this mutation of the virus was found in Italy. The same mutation is now found in 97 percent of the world's sample.