Science & Technology

Scientists claim regarding HIV, infected genes can be extracted from the cell

Wednesday, March 20, 2024

Scientists have said that they have successfully isolated HIV from cells using gene editing technology.

According to scientists, they have used the Nobel Prize winning CRISPR gene editing technology to cut and isolate HIV from the infected cell.

Using this technique, they have separated the infected parts by cutting the DNA like scissors at the molecular level.

The team at the University of Amsterdam says that they hope that with this method HIV infection can be removed from the body.

However, giving more information about the research related to this in a medical conference this week, the team said that the current research proves the "concept" that in this way the infected part of the cell's DNA can be removed, but this method It is not that HIV will be cured soon.

The medicines available till now treat HIV by stopping it from spreading, but they cannot completely eliminate it from the body.

Scientists solved the mystery related to the largest desert on earth

Monday, March 4, 2024

The age of one of the largest and most complex deserts on Earth has been revealed for the first time.

Star Dunes or Pyramid Dunes were named for their unique shape and height of hundreds of meters.

Such deserts are found in Africa, Asia and North America as well as on Mars, but before today experts had never been able to find out when these deserts were formed.

Now scientists have discovered that the desert named Lala Lalia in Morocco was formed 13 thousand years ago.

Star Dunes are formed by cross-directional winds.

Professor Geoff Duller of the University of Aberystwyth, who published this research, said that finding out the age of these deserts will help scientists understand those winds and know about the climate of that period.

Lala Lalia is located in south-east Morocco. The sand dunes here are 100 meters high and 700 meters wide. After the formation of this desert, it did not expand for about 8000 years and then it started expanding rapidly in the last few thousand years.

The method used by scientists determined when the sand particles were last exposed to daylight.

Sand samples were taken in the dark and then studied in dim lighting in the lab, like an old photography workshop.

What did scientists find in the study for better cancer treatment?

Thursday, January 11, 2024

Scientists in England have discovered that a patient's complete genetic makeup can lead to positive changes in cancer treatment.

This study has been published in Nature Medicine. In this, information of more than 13 thousand patients has been analyzed.

In this, the mutations behind the development of the tumor are analyzed and the DNA is studied to see whether the patient was born with such a gene due to which the risk of this disease increases.

Researchers found that more than 90 percent of brain tumors and 50 percent of bowel and lung cancers have genetic changes that affect the patient's treatment, such as surgery and specific treatments.

Three scientists have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing quantum dots.

These three scientists live in America.

The Nobel laureates include Mongi G Bawendi, Lewis E Bruce and Alexey I Ekimov who will share the prize of 8.24 lakh pounds.

What are quantum dots?

Most people have probably seen tiny crystals on their TV sets whose tiny dots combine to form colors.

In fact, these quantum dots are very tiny and their number can be tens of millions in one millimeter.

Russian physicist Alexei I. Ekimov is credited with the discovery of quantum dots in the 1980s, and later Lewis E. Bruce, an American chemist, discovered that crystals could be grown in liquids.

After this, Mongi G. Bawendi, a native of Paris, discovered a method of making quantum dots particles in a more controlled manner.

These quantum dots are also used in medical imaging and solar panels for better use of cancer drugs and surgery.

Serum Institute of India (SII) has said that the World Health Organization (WHO) has approved the world's second malaria vaccine.

WHO has given this approval on the basis of pre-clinical and clinical trial data of the vaccine. In trials, this vaccine was found to be quite effective in four countries.

According to the news of news agency PTI, SII has said in a statement that it has become the second vaccine in the world to get the approval of the World Health Organization to protect children from malaria.

This R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine has been developed by SII in collaboration with Oxford University.

SII has said that it has made arrangements to produce 10 crore doses of the vaccine every year and this production will double in the next two years.

Currently this vaccine is being used in Ghana, Nigeria and Burkina Faso. But now after the approval of the World Health Organization, it can be used all over the world.

The Nobel Prize in Physics for the year 2023 has been awarded to scientists who conducted 'experiments' to capture the 'smallest moments' of light. The scientists who received the award are Pierre Augustini, Ferenc Krause and Ann L'Hullie.

These scientists demonstrated through experiments how extremely tiny waves of light can be structured and used to measure the rapid process of energy change of an electron.

Professor Pier Augustini teaches at Ohio University in the United States. Professor Ferenc Krause teaches quantum optics at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. Professor Ann L'Hullie teaches at a university in Sweden.

The Nobel Prize for Medicine has been announced to be awarded to the pair of scientists who invented the technology of mRNA Covid vaccine.

These two scientists are Dr. Catalin Carico and Dr. Drew Wiseman.

This technology was used before the Covid pandemic but later it was given to millions of people around the world.

Further research is being done on this mRNA technology regarding other diseases including cancer.

mRNA i.e. messenger ribonucleic acid tells the body how to make proteins.

Swedish scientist Svante Pabo has won the 2022 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

The Nobel Prize-giving organization said in a tweet on Monday, 3 October 2022 that the award has been given to scientist Svante Pabo for his discovery related to "the genome of the extinct hominin and human evolution".

With the announcement of this Nobel Prize, the awards to be announced for a week started.

It is arguably one of the most prestigious awards in the scientific world.

According to the news agency Reuters, it is given by the Nobel Assembly of Sweden's Karolinska Institute. The amount received under the award is approximately 10 million Swedish crowns ($900,437).

Why is the Nobel Prize awarded?

The prize was established by Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite and a wealthy Swedish businessman. He arranged it in his will, a year before his death in 1896. After which this award is given every year since 1901 for achievements in fields like science, literature and peace. Later economics was also included in it.

India's Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and the Indian Army successfully completed all the 6 trials of the Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile (QRSAM).

DRDO said in a tweet from its official Twitter handle that the latest test conducted on Thursday, 8 September 2022 from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur, Odisha is a part of the evaluation exercise of the Indian Army.

During this the missile hit its target accurately. This missile is designed to shoot down pilotless vehicles like drones.

This system is capable of tracking many things and targeting. Many laboratories of DRDO have contributed in developing it.

All the equipment used in QRSAM such as Battery Multifunction Radar, Battery Surveillance Radar, Battery Command Post Vehicle and Mobile Launcher have been made in India.

This system is capable of detecting and tracking the target while it is moving.

A variant of the corona virus has been found in Vietnam, which is a mixed form of variants previously found in India and Britain. Officials say it spreads rapidly through the air.

Vietnam's Health Minister Nguyen Thanh Long said on Saturday, 29 May 2021, that this new variant of Corona is very dangerous.

The virus always changes its form, that is, mutates. Most variants are not very effective, but some viruses become more contagious after mutation.

Since the identification of the virus of COVID-19 in January 2020, several mutations have been reported so far.

According to the news agency Reuters, Vietnam's health minister said in a government meeting, "A new variant of the corona virus has been found in Vietnam, which is a mixed form of the first virus variant found in Britain and India."

He said, "The new variant is more contagious than the former. It spreads rapidly in the air. This variant has emerged after testing new patients. The genetic code of this virus will be available soon.''

In India, a variant of the corona virus was found in October 2020. This variant is being called B.1.617. It is said to be more dangerous than the Corona variant B.1.1.7 found in the UK.

According to research, two doses of Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccine are most effective against virus variants found in India. But one dose of these vaccines is not very effective against it.

So far no evidence has been found that any mutation of the corona virus has caused serious disease in a large population.

The original version of the corona virus has been described as more dangerous for older people and already ill people. But the virus is becoming more contagious without a vaccine and is causing more deaths.

In recent weeks, new cases of corona have increased rapidly in Vietnam. More than 6,700 cases have been reported since the epidemic began in Vietnam. But more than half of these cases have been reported since April 2021. So far 47 people have died here from Corona.