Magazine

Can boycott damage Facebook? The answer is 'yes'.

The 'Abolitionist Movement', which took place in the 18th century, prevented the British people from buying enslaved goods.

This movement had a big impact. Nearly three lakh people stopped buying sugar, which increased the pressure to abolish slavery.

'Stop Hate for Profit' is the latest campaign in which 'boycott' is being used as a political weapon. The campaign claims that Facebook does not do enough to remove hateful and racist content on its platform.

The 'Stop Hate for Profit' campaign has persuaded many large companies to remove their advertisements from Facebook and some other social media platforms.

After Coca-Cola, Unilever and Starbucks, now well-known companies such as Ford, Adidas and HP have also joined their advertisers.

Microsoft also stopped advertising on Facebook and Instagram in May, according to news website 'Axius'. Microsoft has stopped advertising on Facebook due to unknown 'inappropriate content'.

Meanwhile, other online platforms such as Reddit and Twitch have also taken anti-hate steps on their own and have increased the pressure on Facebook.

So can such a boycott cause huge damage to Facebook?

The short answer to this question is yes. Because a large part of Facebook's revenue comes from advertisements.

David Cumming of Aviva Investors told the BBC that Facebook had lost people's trust and that users found a lack of moral values ​​in Facebook's attitude. Davim Cumming believes that these assumptions can hurt Facebook's business badly.

On Friday, the share price of Facebook was down by eight percent. As a result, the company's CEO Mark Zuckerberg lost at least five and a half trillion rupees.

But can the damage be bigger? Could this threaten the existence of Facebook in the coming days? There are still clear answers to these questions.

The first thing is that Facebook is not the first social media company to face boycott.

In the year 2017, many big brands announced that they will not advertise on YouTube. This happened because an ad for a particular brand was shown after a racist and homophobic (hateful against homosexuality) video.

The boycott of this brand is now almost forgotten. YouTube changed its advertising policies and now YouTube's parent company Google is also doing fine in this regard.

This boycott may not have caused much damage to Facebook. There are other reasons for this.

The first thing is that many companies have talked about boycotting Facebook only for the month of July. Secondly, a large part of Facebook's revenue also comes from advertising by small and medium companies.

According to a CNN report, Facebook earned nearly three trillion rupees from the top 100 brands spent last year and it was just six per cent of the total advertising revenue.

Matt Morrison, head of the advertising agency Digital Whiskey, told the BBC that it is not possible for many small companies to 'not advertise'.

Says Morrison, "For companies that cannot afford to pay huge amounts of money for advertising on television, Facebook is a necessary medium. Business can succeed only when companies reach their potential customers. So they will continue to advertise. ''

Furthermore, Facebook's structure is such that it gives Mark Zuckerberg the power to make any kind of changes. If they want to change a policy, they can change it. For this, only their views need to be changed. If Zuckerberg does not want to take action, he will not.

However, in the last few days, Mark Zuckerberg has indicated changes. Facebook announced on Friday that it would begin tagging hate comments.

On the other hand, other companies are taking action on their own.

On Monday, social news website Reddit announced that it was banning a group called 'The Donald Trump Forum'. Members of this group are accused of making hate and threatening comments. The group was not directly associated with President Trump, but its members shared their supporting mimes.

In addition, Amazon-owned video streaming platform Twitch has also temporarily banned an account run by 'Trump Campaign'. Twitch has said that two of the videos from President Trump's rallies were said to promote hatred.

One of these videos was in the year 2015 (before Trump was elected president). In this video, Trump said that Mexico is sending rapists to the United States.

Twitch said in his statement, "If there is any hateful feeling in any political comment or news, we do not consider it an exception. We stop it."

This year is going to be a challenge for all social media companies and Facebook is also not outside the scope of these challenges. However, companies always take decisions keeping their balance sheet in mind. So if this boycott prolongs and more companies join, then this year will change a lot for Facebook.

The law being made in Kuwait about migrants has rekindled the concerns of Indians living in the Gulf country when two years ago, hundreds of Indian engineers had to lose their jobs due to a change in rules.

According to the English newspaper 'Arab News', the legal committee of the National Assembly of Kuwait has accepted the provision of a bill being prepared on migrants as legitimate.

According to reports, this proposal is going to be sent to other committees for approval. The draft of this law says that the number of Indians living in Kuwait should be limited to 15 percent of the country's total population.

It is believed that out of the nearly 10 lakh overseas Indians living there, seven lakh people may have to return in case the bill passes.

The native Kuwaitis have a population of only thirteen-and-a-half million, out of a total population of about forty five lakhs of this small country in the north of Saudi Arabia and south of Iraq.

Egypt, Philippines, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and other countries have the highest number of migrants present here.

According to the news, the proposed law has been said to reduce the number of people living in Kuwait from other countries. It has been said that the number of migrants will be reduced from the present level to 30 percent of the total population.

Nasir Mohammed (name changed), who works in a Kuwait national company, is forced to work as a supervisor despite having an engineering degree.

He says, "Indians living here are wondering what will happen if the bill becomes law?"

Nasir Mohammed still considers himself lucky that he got a job in the new company instead of the old company, or because of being excluded from the scope of the new Kuwaiti rules that came in 2018, IIT and BITS Pilani have only seen jobs from engineers passed to BITS Pilani. - She had gone to see.

India's former foreign minister Sushma Swaraj had also raised the matter of engineers with the government of Kavat but no solution could be found.

Says Nasir Mohammed, "The situation is that a lot of Indians who have obtained engineering degrees are working on the salaries and ranks of supervisors, foremen, etc. in Kuwait while on duty they have to play an engineer."

Mohammad Ilyas, a resident of Hyderabad, living in Kuwait, says that the new expatriate law-like rule has been recurring since the 2008 economic downturn and intensified in 2016 when Saudi Arabia implemented the law. .

According to Nitaqat law, the job rate of local people in Saudi Arabia government departments and companies has to be raised.

Last year, a Kuwaiti MP, Khalid al-Saleh, issued a statement demanding the government to "stop the storm of migrants who have seized jobs and services provided by government."

A second MP, Safa al-Hashem, said a few years ago that "the law should be brought to allow migrants not to give driving licenses for a year and keep a car."

This statement of Safa al-Hashem was also condemned in some circles.

In Kuwait's National Assembly, 50 MPs are elected, although the emir is believed to be in a decision-making role there.

Recently, when there is talk of new law, some local people have also been seen making statements against it.

From the end of the 19th century to 1961, Indians had begun to visit Kuwait, which had been under the 'protection' of Britain for a long time. At this time Indians are present there in almost all areas from business, the number of people working in Kuwaiti homes, from drivers to cooks to Aya (women maids), is said to be three and a half lakh. People believe that it will not be easy to fill their space with other people in a hurry.

Revan D'Souza's family migrated from India to Kuwait in the 1950s, and he too has been born there.

Revan D'Souza is the editor of the local English newspaper Times Kuwait.

During a conversation with the BBC, he says, "The bill on migrants has just been accepted by the legal committee as being compatible with the constitution, yet it has to go through many more committees such as the Human Resources Committee and other phases. Only then will it be passed as a bill Will be able to present it. It is possible only after that it becomes law.''

Revan D'Souza also sees it from another perspective.

He says that in the midst of the crisis arising out of the Covid-19 and the government of India ignoring the demand of the local government to take back the illegal people living there, there is anger in some circles of Kuwaiti government and now that someone do not want to depend on the working people of a country.

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has now issued a clarification on the matter related to fixing the last date for the Corona virus vaccine to be made by August 15 in India. The ICMR has said that the fast track vaccine will be made only under globally accepted regulations.

ICMR has tweeted its two-page statement that the safety and interest of the people of India is a top priority.

Actually the debate on the date of August 15 started after a memo written by ICMR Director General Dr. Balram Bhargava this week. In this, he had asked India's top clinical research agencies to launch the corona virus vaccine by Independence Day.

Now ICMR has issued a clarification on the statement of the Director General, saying, "The DG-ICMR letter was meant to avoid unnecessary red-tapism from researchers doing clinical trials so that necessary procedures are not missed and new participants can be recruited.''

Also, the red-tapism was not a hindrance in fast track permission to market new indigenous testing kits or Covid-19 related medicines. In the process of developing indigenous vaccine, it was also asked to avoid slow pace so that this phase can be completed soon and a population-based trial can be started.''

The ICMR has stated that the process of developing a fast track vaccine is being carried out under globally accepted regulations.

The ICMR states that the vaccine can be tested simultaneously on animals and humans.

Also, the trial of the vaccine will be conducted with hardly any difficulty and the Data Safety Monitoring Board can review it if required.

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has hoped that the Corona vaccine being made in India should be launched by 15 August. ICMR said this by writing a letter to the institutions associated with the trial of this vaccine.

The indigenous vaccine is co-produced by ICMR and Hyderabad-based Bharat Biotech Company.

ICMR says that once the clinical trial is complete, this vaccine can be launched for the common people on 15 August, ie, the day of India's independence.

12 institutes in India have been selected for clinical trials. ICMR director Dr Balaram Bhargava wrote a letter to these 12 institutes on 2 July and said that they should take the clinical trials by 7 July.

In his letter, Dr. Bhargava wrote, "An agreement has been reached with the Bharat Biotech company for the fast-track trial of the vaccine created through ICMR to prevent corona. This vaccine has been created by extracting a strain from the coronavirus.

"After clinical trials, ICMR wants to provide this vaccine to the people by August 15. Bharat Biotech is also working on a war footing. But the success of this vaccine depends on the cooperation of the institutes that have been selected for clinical trial.''

Amidst the India-China border tension, a new statement by US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has emerged.

Mike Pompeo said in the Brussels forum that in view of the increasing threats from China to India and Southeast Asia, the US has decided to reduce its military strength from Europe.

On 15-16 June on the Indo-China Ladakh border, there was a violent clash between the soldiers of the two countries in the Galwan Valley, in which 20 Indian soldiers were killed. A round of meetings are going on to resolve the dispute between the two countries. But it is being discussed all over the world.

US Secretary of State Mike has expressed condolences on this tension before. US President Donald Trump said that he is monitoring the ongoing tension between India and China and wants to help.

In such a situation, the new statement of the US Secretary of State has again brought the India-China border dispute into the headlines.

Mike Pompeo said, "We want to make sure that we are prepared to face China's People's Liberation Army." We feel that this is the challenge of our times and we are going to ensure that our preparations are complete. ''

US President Donald Trump recently announced that the US would reduce its military strength in Germany. The European Union expressed displeasure over the decision by President Trump.

Donald Trump's opponents in the United States are opposing the proposal. In the politics there, it is being presented as a statement that weaken the US militarily. Elections are to be held there in November this year. In this context, this statement becomes even more important.

But in India too, this statement is being given much importance in view of the border dispute with China.

Mike Pompeo has not said this only in the context of India. However, India is an important partner for America in this area.

After the India-China border dispute, Mike Pompeo was the first to make a statement on behalf of America. Be it the US elections in November or defense matters or the Quad Group. India-US relations have been friendly on all fronts. This is the reason why Donald Trump has visited India before the election.

There is a good relationship between the two countries in the economic field also. But in recent times, India was excluded from the US trade priority list. Social relations between the two countries are also good. This is the reason that Indians are also the largest number of H1B visa seekers. The United States knows that India's support is necessary to stop the increasing pressure on China.

America is working two interests together with this statement. The first wants to convey Germany through it.

Secondly, when China's behavior was getting worse with India, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and Philippines, America felt that this was the right time.

Then America feels that the use of military power should be shifted from Germany to these countries. It is to be remembered here that all these countries are alliance partners or strategic partners of America. If China dominates all these countries then it will be financially damaged, as well as the partnership will be affected.

Therefore, this statement of America should be viewed as a growing concern of America due to the threat of increasing Chinese proliferation in Asia.

From nail polish to lipstick, mica is found in cosmetics that millions of people use every day.

But unknown to consumers, the mineral that gives these products their shine is often extracted using antiquated methods in slave-like conditions, in one of the poorest regions of the world.

In the dusty hills of Jharkhand, India, deep crevices have been cleaved into the hard earth. Men, women and children rummage through the dirt, using their bare hands and a few rudimentary tools to scrape the ground.

They work under the constant threat of landslides and toxic dust, risking their lives in the hope they will find and sell enough mica to survive.

"I would rather work in the mines than die of starvation," says a woman as she digs through the earth.

At another mine, Anil, 25, is searching through the rubble with his wife and their two young children. They live in a village at the foot of the mines, where there is no running water or electricity. Anil used to be a farmer, but a severe drought has left most of the land barren.

"Mica is the only option for us," he says. "We have all come here to work … so we can buy rice and feed ourselves."

From the impoverished miners to the mine owners and exporters who turn a blind eye to shocking conditions, 101 East traces the mica supply chain from the Indian countryside to the laboratories of major cosmetic brands in Europe.

The coronavirus pandemic is having a devastating impact on refugees around the world.

Preventative measures like social distancing and frequent hand washing are often difficult to implement in crowded camps.

The aid agencies helping the refugees are struggling as well.
Wealthy nations in Europe, North America and the Middle East are slashing donations, and keeping that money at home to tackle the economic fallout of the pandemic.

Oxfam, one of the world's largest charities, laid off nearly 1,500 staff and pulled out of 18 countries last month.

A recent survey estimated that global government aid will drop by 25 billion dollars by 2021.

So how do we ensure protection for some of the world's most vulnerable people?

Presenter: Imran Khan

Guests:

Heba Aly - Director of The New Humanitarian, a non-profit Journalism organisation focused on humanitarian crises.

Ole Solvang - Director of Partnerships and Policy at the Norwegian Refugee Council.

Nasser Yassin - Associate Professor of Policy and Planning at the American University of Beirut and Chair of the AUB4Refugees Initiative.

The corona virus arrived in Turkey late. The first case of infection was registered here on 19 March. But soon it spread to every corner of Turkey. Within a month, the corona virus had spread to all 81 provinces of Turkey.

Turkey was the fastest spreading corona infection in the world. Things were worse than China and Britain. There were apprehensions that there would be deaths on large scales and Turkey would also leave Italy behind. At that time Italy was the most affected country.

Three months have passed, but this is not so, even when Turkey has not implemented a complete lockdown.

Turkey has officially confirmed 4397 deaths from corona infection. Claims are being made that the actual number may be up to two times as only those in Turkey have been included in the death toll whose test reports were positive.

But if compared to other countries, this number is less for this country with a population of eight and a half crore.

Experts warn that it is difficult to arrive at a conclusion about the corona infection or to compare the figures of the two countries, even when deaths continue in many countries.

But according to Dr. Jeremy Rossman, a lecturer in virology at the University of Kent, "Turkey has avoided waste."

He told the BBC, "Turkey is among the countries that responded very quickly. Especially in terms of testing, identifying, isolating and preventing movement. Turkey is among the few countries that have managed to effectively reduce the virus's pace.

As the speed of the virus was increasing, the authorities imposed various restrictions on everyday life. There was a ban on going to the coffee house, shopping stopped, mass prayers were stopped in mosques.

People above sixty-five years of age and below twenty years of age were completely locked up in lockdown. Curfews were imposed over the weekend and main cities were sealed.

Istanbul was the epicenter of the epidemic in Turkey. The city lost its pace, as if a heart stopped beating.

Now restrictions are gradually being relaxed, but Dr. Mele Noor Aslan still remains vigilant. She is the director of health services in Fatih district. It is a congested area in the center of Istanbul. The energetic and talkative Dr. Aslan is leading the contact tracing campaign. There are six thousand teams of contact tracing expeditions across Turkey.

She says it feels like we are on the battlefield. People on my team forget to go home, even after eight hours they keep working. They do not care to go home because they know that they are performing their duty.

Dr. Mele Noor Aslan says that she started tracking the virus from the very first day of March 11, her experience of tracking the measles disease.

She says, "Our plan was ready." We just took out our files from the cupboard and we went to work. ''

We joined two doctors in the narrow streets of Fatih. These doctors, wearing PPE kits, were using an app. They went to a flat in an apartment where two young women were in Quarantine. Her friend is Covid positive.

In the corridor of the apartment, both women were tested for Covid, they would receive the report within twenty-four hours. He started showing mild symptoms a day earlier. 29-year-old Mazali Demir Alpa is thankful that she has received a quick response.

She says, "We hear news from abroad. Initially when we came to know about the virus, we were very scared but Turkey worked faster than we thought. It worked much faster than Europe or America." "
Turkey used hydroxychloroquine

Dr. Irshad Sheikh, the acting head of the World Health Organization in Turkey, says that Turkey has many lessons for the world about public health.

He told the BBC, "Initially we were worried. Up to three and a half thousand new cases were coming in every day. But the testing took a lot of work. And people didn't have to wait five-six days for the results."

He also attributed the success of Turkey to the contact tracing, quarantine and isolation policy of Turkey.

In Turkey, patients were also given hydroxychloroquine. It was highly praised by US President Donald Trump, but international research has rejected the drug.

The World Health Organization has stopped the trial of this drug as a treatment for corona. A research paper published in the medical journal Lancet claimed that this drug increases the risk of cardiac arrest in Covid-19 patients and may lead to more harm than good.

We were allowed to go to hospitals where thousands of people have been given hydroxychloroquine as medicine. Dr. Sehit Ilhan Waranka Hospital, built two years ago, remains the center of the fight against Covid.

The Chief Doctor here, Nurettin Yeeyat, says that it is important to use hydroxychloroquine in the beginning. Dr Yeeet's paintings are on the walls of this new shiny hospital.

She says, "Other countries have started using this medicine lately, especially the US, we use it only in the initial days, we have no hesitation about this medicine. We think it is impressive because we are getting results.''

While visiting the hospital, Dr. Yeeit says that Turkey has tried to stay ahead of the virus. We have initially treated and adopted an aggressive attitude.

In addition to hydroxychloroquine, doctors use drugs, plasma and large amounts of oxygen.

Dr. Yeeyat is proud that the rate of death of Covid in his hospital has been less than one percent. Here beds are empty in intensive care unit ie ICU. They try to keep patients out of here and without ventilators.

We met forty-year-old Hakim Sukuk, who is now returning home after receiving treatment. He is thankful to the doctors.

He says, "Everyone has taken care of me a lot." It felt like I am in my mother's lap.''

The Turkish Medical Association has not yet given a clean chit to the government's response to the epidemic. The association says that there were several shortcomings in the way the government took steps on the epidemic.

These include leaving the boundaries open.

Although the World Health Organization is giving some credit to Turkey. Dr. Sheikh says, "This epidemic is in its early days. We think many more people will be seriously ill. There is something that is going well.''

Turkey also has many things in its fight against the Corona epidemic. For example, the young population and the greater number of ICU beds. But still about a thousand new cases are coming up every day.

Turkey is seen as a story of success in the fight against Corona, but still needs to be cautious as the story is not over yet.

Rating agency Moody's has dropped India's rating. Rating means credit rating which can also be called credit in easy language.

What is meant by someone's credibility in the market is exactly the same as the country's rating in the international market. This means that it will be difficult to get loan and the pressure to return will be increased for those who have already taken loan. Moody's is the third major rating agency in the world to have downgraded India. Two other agencies Fitch and Standard and Poor had already dropped this rating.

Moody's rating drop means that bonds issued by the Indian government to raise debt in foreign markets or domestic markets will now be considered less reliable. This rating has reached the lowest level in the last twenty two years. Earlier in 1998, the rating was dropped, and it reached the same level. When the US imposed economic sanctions on India after India's nuclear tests.

The price is so low that Moody's has dropped the rating to Baa3, which can be called the lowest rung of the investment grade. This means that long-term bonds issued by the Government of India will still be considered worth investing, just as the risk is increased.

Even in November last year, there was a fear that Moody's might drop the rating, but then it retained the rating a notch above that at Baa2. However, at that time he changed his perspective on India. That is, he was expecting a problem. He changed his outlook on India to negative from stable.

Then the analysts said that there is not much worry because the economy will pick up and Moody's mood will also improve rather than deteriorate. But now this expectation is proving to be far-fetched. And the matter of concern is that even after dropping the rating, Moody's has kept its outlook negative. This simply means that he is afraid of worsening the situation from here.

It is also important to take a look at the reasons that Moody's has cited for dropping ratings. According to him, the work of implementing economic reforms in the country since 2017 has been very slow. For a long time, the pace of growth in economic growth ie GDP growth is looking weak. The condition of the treasury of the governments is deteriorating, the condition of both the central and state governments. And there is increasing stress or tension in India's financial sector. Stress here means the risk of debt not being returned or imposed or returned.

And the outlook worsening means that the agency is seeing a number of threats linked together in India's economy and financial structure, due to which the Government of India's financial situation may be weakened even more than what the agency is currently anticipating.

And the most dangerous or worrisome thing is that the economic crisis arising out of Corona is not at all the reason for this downgrade of Moody's. He says that this epidemic has only magnified the dangers which were already flourishing in the Indian economy. Seeing these dangers, Moody's changed its outlook last year.

It should be remembered here that two years before that in November 2017, Moody's had raised India's credit rating. At that time, he hoped that some important economic reforms would be implemented in India, which would gradually strengthen the economic condition of the country. But now he complains that since that time the pace of reforms has also been slow and whatever has happened does not show much effect.

Now it is important to understand what is the harm of falling rating and its effect? This is also added when deciding ratings.

The Government of India and the State Governments borrow from many international agencies. Moody's says that even before the Corona crisis, the debt of governments was seventy-two percent of the country's GDP, and now in the changed situation i.e. after the Corona crisis, when governments are needing more money for expenditure, it is estimated that This burden can increase to 84% of GDP.

You should calculate your budget. When you go to take a loan from a bank for a house or a car, the bank officer says that the EMI of all your debts should not exceed forty percent of your earnings in total. If you want to take more loan than this, then you get a private bank or an NBFC who gives you a loan at a higher rate than the market rate. There are also some private financiers who give personal loans to the people of trouble, who charge interest from three to four times and the takers get stuck in bigger trouble than before.

Similarly, when a country issues a bond or wants to borrow directly after a rating falls, it has to pay a higher interest because it is considered a risky task to lend it. As the credit rating of the country falls, the maximum rating of all the companies of the country becomes the same. According to any rating agency, the rating of any private or government company cannot be above the sovereign rating of that country. That is, it becomes difficult and expensive for private companies to raise debt. Those whose bonds or debentures are already in the market, their prices fall and the pressure on them to return the money increases.

Now where India's rating has reached, it is at the bottom of the investment grade. That is, international financial institutions can invest in it right now. But if this rating falls below this, many of the big financial institutions around the world will be forced to immediately withdraw the money of the government of India or the bonds of Indian companies, or at a paltry price. Sell ​​in the market. This is because it is clear to these fund managers that they will not invest in any instrument below the investment grade.

After this some funds are invested, but they are just like money lenders. In this situation, countries get trapped in debt. That is why it is a matter of great concern to drop this rating.

However, there is another aspect of the coin. At this time, if the government started curbing spending in the concern of rating, then it will be very difficult to get the economy back on track. That means a well on one side and a ditch on the other side. But many experts are giving the opinion that the government should leave the worry of ratings for some time and revive the economy with full vigor and once the economy runs, it will not take much time to improve the rating.

Moody's also predicts that India's economy will show a strong boom next year after a fall of nearly four per cent in this financial year. Still, he is afraid that there will be trouble for many years ahead, that is why his outlook is weak. Now if the government does something that the picture is reversed, then this attitude will change automatically.

Researchers on climate change have been warning for a long time that by 2070, the temperature of the earth will rise so much that it will not be possible to live here.

But a study published in the journal Science Advances suggests that in many places such incidents are being reported which were warned till now.

The authors of this study say that the dangerous conditions in which heat and humidity come together are seen to occur all over the world.

However, these conditions only last for a few hours but the number and severity of their occurrence is increasing.

These researchers have analyzed the hourly data of 7877 different stations giving weather information between 1980 and 2019.

It has been revealed in this analysis that in some sub-tropical coastal areas, the frequency of extreme heat and humid mixed weather has doubled.

In every such event there is heat and humidity which can prove to be dangerous for a long time.

Such incidents continue to occur in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, North-Western Australia, the coastal region of the Red Sea and the Gulf of California.

The most dangerous of these figures were recorded 14 times in Dhahran / Daman in Saudi Arabia, Doha in Qatar and Ras Al Khamaia in the United Arab Emirates. More than two million people are living in these cities.

South East Asia, southern China, sub-tropical Africa and the Caribbean region were also affected by this.

Severe conditions were observed in the South East of America. And these conditions have been seen primarily in the East Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida penhandles near the Gulf Coast. The cities of New Orleans and Biloxi have also been badly affected.

Most meteorological centers around the world measure temperature with two thermometers.

The first dry bulb device achieves air temperature.

This is the figure that you see on your phone or TV as the temperature of your city.

Another device is a wet bulb thermometer. This device records humidity in the air.

In this, temperature is taken by wrapping a thermometer in a cloth. Generally, this temperature is lower than the open air temperature.

Extremely humid heat can prove fatal for humans. For this reason, the reading of the weight bulb, which is called 'Feels Like', is very important.

The normal temperature of our body is 37 ° C. And our body temperature is usually 35 degrees Celsius. This different temperature helps us keep our body cool by sweating.

After sweating from the body, it evaporates and takes away heat with it.

This process works well in deserts. But in humid places this process does not work properly. Because there is so much moisture in the air that it cannot lift sweat in the process as steam.

In such a situation, if the humidity rises and the wet bulb raises the temperature to 35 ° C or above, then the process of evaporation of sweat will slow down which will affect our ability to withstand heat.

In some serious cases, it may also happen that this process stops completely. In such a situation, a person will have to go to an air-conditioned room because the internal temperature of the body will go beyond this heat tolerance limit, after which the body parts will stop functioning.

In such a situation, even very fit people will die in about six hours.

Until now it was believed that the wet bulb temperature on Earth crossed 31 ° C in rare conditions.

But in 2015, meteorologists in Iran's Port City, Bandar Abbas, saw weight bulb temperatures go up to 35 degrees Celsius.

At that time the air temperature was 43 degrees Celsius. But after this new study, it has been found that in one to two hours in the Persian Gulf cities, the weight bulb temperature went up to 35 degrees Celsius more than a dozen times.

Colin Raymond, a researcher at the Lemont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University and the lead author in this study, says, "The humid summer in the Persian Gulf is mainly due to moisture. But for such conditions to arise, the temperature must also be above average. The figures we are studying are still quite rare. But after 2000, many times have come to the fore.''

All the studies that have been done so far on climate change have failed to record such serious incidents. This study explains this because researchers generally look at the average of heat and humidity over large areas and long intervals. But Colin Raymond and his colleagues tracked hourly data coming to meteorological centers around the world. Due to this, he came to know about those incidents, due to which, in a very short time, a small space is being affected.

Colin says, "Our study completely agrees with previous studies that a 35 degree Celsius wet bulb temperature up to 2100 would be a normal thing at the level of a metropolitan area." We have only added to this that these incidents have started happening in a short time in small places. In such a situation, high resolution data is very important.

Such incidents are mostly occurring in coastal areas, creeks and straits where seawater blowing through steam creates the possibility of mixing in hot air.

Studies show that in most of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, there will be a temperature till 2100 in which it can survive. It is a confluence of extreme sea level temperatures and continental heat that can produce humid heat.

"High resolution data can help us understand which places may have the greatest impact on people and how we can warn people if such a situation is going to happen," says Coleen. This can help them to be air-conditioned, not working outside the home and ready to take long-term steps. ''

This study expresses concern about economically vulnerable areas where temperatures are rising rapidly. Because these people will feel inability to protect against heat.

Another writer and scientist of the same study, Radley Horton, says, "People in poor countries who are in danger, they cannot use electricity, forget the air condition. Most people depend on farming for their livelihood. These facts will make some areas unfit to live. ''

If carbon emissions are not reduced, then such incidents are bound to increase.

Steven Sherwood, climatologist at the University of New South Wales, Australia, says, "These estimates suggest that some areas of the Earth will soon get so much heat that it will not be possible to live there." Earlier it was believed that we have a lot of safety of margin ie the risk is far away.''

US President Donald Trump said that he is taking the malaria drug hydroxychloroquine to avoid Covid 19 disease.

Science journal 'Lancet' has found in its study that where the hydroxychloroquine drug is being given in the treatment of infected people with the corona virus, there is a high risk of death.

The study has found that the corona infected are not benefiting from this malaria medicine. This medicine is made on a large scale in India. India banned the export of this medicine in March, but US President Trump wanted India to lift these restrictions and supply to the US. India had partially lifted the ban after Trump said.

Trump said this week that he was taking this medicine, while health officials warned that it could aggravate the problem of heart disease.

Trump has been encouraging the use of this medicine, ignoring medical studies.

Hydroxychloroquine is safe for malaria patients and is also beneficial in some cases of lupus or arthritis.

But no clinical trial has recommended the use of this medicine for corona infections.

The Lancet study included 96,000 patients infected with the corona virus.

Of these, 15,000 people were given hydroxychloroquine or similar chloroquine. It is either given with an antibiotic or only this.

This study shows that chloroquine-eating patients died more in hospital than other covid patients and also due to heart disease.

Among those given hydroxychloroquine, the mortality rate was 18%, those who took chloroquine had a mortality rate of 16.4% and those who were not given these medicines had a mortality rate of nine percent.

Those treated with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with an antibiotic had higher mortality.

Researchers have said that taking hydroxychloroquine out of clinical trials is dangerous.

Trump had said that he had come negative in the Covid test because he was taking hydroxychloroquine and had positive benefits.

Trials are ongoing as to whether hydroxychloroquine is effective in covid 19.

More than 40,000 health workers from Europe, Asia, Africa and South America will be given hydroxychloroquine supplements in this trial.

When asked about the Lancet study, co-ordinator Dr. Deborah Berks of the 'White House Corona Virus Task Force' said the government agency was concerned with the use of hydroxychloroquine to treat or prevent Covid-19's disease. The US Food and Drug Administration's stance has been very clear.

Dr. Marcos Espinal, director of the Pan-American Health Organization, an organization associated with the World Health Organization, has emphasized that no clinical trial recommends the use of hydroxychloroquine in the name of treating the corona virus.